Yes there is a possibility that you can share your HPV infection with a new sex partner.
Has your doctor done the HPV test? Many times a doctor lab request does note to follow HPV reflex testing with a normal Pap test. Your Pap test is normal the virus not producing abnormal cell changes...but some people do have the virus even with a normal Pap test. You will need to ask your doctor if the HPV test was done. A negative HPV test means that the virus is in low viral load not being seen in testing.
Your immune system is controlling the virus....and yes possible eliminating it...but no one can guarantee this since sometimes HPV re-occurs even years after the initial infection was acquired.
In a latent state we may not be contagious but we can’t guarantee that we will never share our infection with a new sex partner…and we can acquire new HPV types from a new sex partner…having the body recognize one HPV and suppressing the virus…doesn’t give us immunity to all other HPV types. They are 40 genital HPV types 15 are high risk. Our HPV testing does not screen for all HPV types.
Latent HPV infection - most people who get HPV do not have any detectable warts or other HPV-related disease (i.e. histological-detectable cell changes). They probably have HPV in very low numbers (perhaps 1 HPV) per infected cell. Therefore, latent HPV cannot be detected by visual inspection, cytology or even by HPV testing, and individuals with "latent" HPV are not contagious. However, because the virus can move from latency to "expressed" HPV disease such as warts or cervical cell changes, it is not possible to guarantee that the individual will remain non-contagious indefinitely. Consistent condom use has been shown to reduce the risk of transmitting HPV by about 70%
Whether an immune mediated regression clears that HPV type from the body completely, or just suppresses it to the point where it is not likely to be contagious nor cause HPV-induced disease in the future is not known for sure.
http://www.asccp.org/hpv_history.shtml
“In effect, HPV is able to mimic our own chromosomes, behaving as a sort of ‘mini-chromosome’, independently replicating and keeping pace as the cellular chromosomes replicate and the cell divides,” says Tom Broker, PhD, professor of biochemistry and molecular genetics and co-author of the paper. “This allows the virus to remain in our bodies indefinitely, with the potential of causing serious disease years, even decades, after first exposure.”
www.ipvsoc.org
Two tests are currently available for clinical use to check for “high-risk” types of HPV:
•The digene Hybrid Capture II ™ HPV test, produced by Qiagen
•The Hologic Corporation's Cervista™ HPV High-Risk (HR) test
http://www.ashastd.org/hpv/hpv_learn_dysplasia.cfm
Some HPV infections are thought to be suppressed and their genomes maintained in a long-term latent state (i.e., subclinical infection with a very small group of cells presumably maintaining infection at low DNA copy numbers). Support for a latent state for HPV infection comes from the observation that in some women genital warts can resolve spontaneously only to recur (i.e., reactivate) during pregnancy or when the immune system becomes compromised. It is not yet clear how commonly latency occurs in immunocompetent hosts, its ultimate duration, the circumstances and mechanisms that trigger re-emergence of HPV into a detectable state, whether latent HPV infection is ultimately eliminated in most individuals, or whether latent infection can persist, possibly leading to cervical cancer.
http://www.merckmedicus.com/pp/us/hcp/diseasemodules/hpvd/natural-history.jsp