A ketone test checks for ketones in your blood or urine. Ketones are substances that are made when the body breaks down fat for energy. Normally, your body gets the energy it needs from carbohydrate in your diet. But stored fat is broken down and ketones are made if your diet does not contain enough carbohydrate to supply the body with sugar (glucose) for energy or if your body cannot use blood sugar (glucose) properly.
The high ketone count is an indication that you are not eating healthy nor getting enough activity. If your sugar levels are over 240 mg/dl, check your urine ketones every 4 hours until negative results are obtained. Should your blood suger level be over 300 mg/dl on two consecutive measurements or does not decrease with extra insulin and fluid intake call your doctor for an appointment.
This may also be the first clue that you are getting sick and your body is trying to let you know in advance.
You might consider buying the book, "My Diabetes Organizer" The essential planner and record-keeper for people with type 2 diabetes by Gina Barbetta and Valerie Rossi. I have found it to be very instrumental in keeping things organized and at my fingertips.